References referred to with ref.:
PPQ = Parma Penyanë Quettaron by Boris Shapiro, at http://www.elvish.org/gwaith/ppq.htm
| BIRDS | |
|---|---|
| aiwë | small bird [AIWÉ] (SA:lin #1)
syn. filit, wilin Aiwendil Lover of Birds (UT:401) Aiwenor, Aiwenorë (read Aiwenórë?) Birdland i.e. lower air |
| alqua | swan [ÁLAK] (LT1:249/LT2:335, SA:alqua, UT:265)
note earlier form alquë (LT1:249) Alqualondë Swan-road, Swan-haven, capital of the Teleri on the shores of Aman upon the confines of Eldamar, north of Calacirya, where the light of the stars was bright and clear [ÁLAK] [LOD] [KHOP] (Sylm) |
| ambalë ammalë | Yellow Hammer, a yellow bird [SMAL] |
| carco | crow [KARKA]
note use newer corco |
| cirincë | a bird no bigger than a wren, but all scarlet, with a piping voice on the edge of human hearing; it lived in Númenor (UT:169) |
| corco | crow [KORKA]
note earlier carco [KARCA] |
| cu cua | dove [KÚ] |
| ëa ëaren | eagle
obsolete use soron |
| filit filic- | small bird [PHILIK]
syn. aiwë, wilin |
| fion fiond- fion- | hawk? or haste? reading of gloss uncertain [PHI] |
| halatir halatirn- | fish-watcher i.e. kingfisher [TIR] [SKAL 2, KHAL 1] |
| lindo | singer, singing bird [LIN 2] |
| lirulin | lark (MR:238, 262)
note changed from aimenel, aimenal |
| lómelindë | nightingale pl. lómelindi [SA:dú] (LR:41; SD:302, MR:172) [DO3/DÓ, LIN 2, TIN]
syn. morilindë, tindómerel |
| maiwë | gull [MIW] (Markirya, MC:213) |
| morilindë | nightingale [MOR]
syn. lómelindë, tindómerel |
| quá | duck (QL) |
| quáco | crow (WJ:395)
syn. corco earlier carco |
| sor sornë | eagle (LT1:266)
note use rather sorno, soron in LotR-style Quenya |
| sorno þorno | eagle [THOR/THORON] (Letters:427, SD:290)
note early Qenya has sor, sornë (LT1:266) sornion eyrie (LT1:266) |
| soron sorn- þoron þorn- | |
| Sorontar Þorontar | King of Eagles, name of a great Eagle Sindarin Thorondor [THOR/THORON] [TÁ/TA3] (SA:thoron) |
| tambaro | woodpecker [TAM]
tam- to tap 1st pers. aorist tamin I tap, pa.t. tamnë [TAM] tamba- to knock, keep on knocking [TAM] |
| tindómerel Tindómerel | daughter of twilight, a kenning (poetic name) of the nightingale Sindarin Tinúviel [TIN] [SEL-D] (SA:tin) |
| tuilindo | spring-singer, swallow [TUY] [LIN 2] (LT1:269, LT2:338) |
| ván wán | goose [WA-N] |
| wilin | bird [LT1:273]
note wilin is also the 1st pers. aorist of the verb wil- syn. aiwë, filit |
| REPTILES, AMPHIBIANS | |
| ango angu- | snake pl. angwi [ANGWA, ANGU] |
| angulócë | snake-dragon, dragon [ANGWA, ANGU[ [LOK] |
| carpo | frog
reconstructed from Sindarin cabr, cabor [KAP] ref PPQ |
| fëalócë | spark-dragon [PHAY] [LOK] |
| foalócë | name of a serpent that guarded a treasure (LT2:340) |
| fenumë | dragon (LT2:341)
note - cf. newer lócë |
| leuca | snake (Appendix E)
but leuca- to loose (misreading for lenca-?) |
| lingwilócë | fish-dragon, sea-serpent [LIW] [LOK] |
| lócë | dragon, snake, serpent, drake [LOK] (SA:lok, LT2:340)
note in the Etymologies the word is followed by "(-î)"; a deprecated form is hlócë (SA:lok) from another root *HLOK angulócë snake-dragon, dragon fëalócë spark-dragon lingwilócë fish-dragon, sea-serpent rámalócë winged dragon urulócë fire-dragon |
| rámalócë | winged dragon [RAM[ [LOK] |
| urulócë | fire-dragon [UR] [LOK] |
| FISH | |
| hala | (small) fish [KHAL 1, SKAL 2] |
| hyalma | shell, conch, horn of Ulmo [SYAL] |
| lingwë lingwi- | fish [LIW] |
| Uin | the primeval whale (LT1:263) |
| INSECTS | |
| liantë | spider [SLIG]
but perhaps obsoleting liantë tendril (LT1:271) línë cobweb lia fine thread, spider filament [SLIG] lia twine (LT1:271) ungwë spider's web also name of tengwa 8 (Appendix E). However, this word was defined as gloom in the Etymologies [UÑG] while in early Qenya it meant spider, especially Ungwë the Gloomweaver, Ungoliant, Ungweliantë the Spider, ally of Morgoth [UÑG] (LT1:271) Wirilómë a name of the great Spider (Ungoliant) (LT1:254) |
| nier | honey-bee (LT1:262)
nierwes hive (LT1:262) syn nion bee |
| nion | bee (GL:60)
syn nier honey-bee |
| wilwarin wilwarind- | butterfly; name of a constellation (Cassiopeia?) [WIL] (Markirya, LT1:273, Silm)
note from wilwa vague, fluttering to and fro (Markirya) |
| LAND BEASTS | |
| andamunda | long-mouth, elephant anda + munda [ÁNAD, ANDA] [MBUD] |
| arassë | deer
reconstructed from Sindarin aras ref PPQ, Boris Shapiro |
| huan hún | hound [KHUGAN, KHUG] |
| huo | dog [KHUG, KHUGAN]
núru- to growl (of dogs), grumble (LT1:263) nurru- mumble, grumble participle nurrula, nurrua (Markirya, MC:215) |
| lapattë | hare (GL:52) |
| mairo | horse (GL:56)
note later rocco |
| máma | sheep (WJ:395)
Mámandil assumed name of Hallacar, of the lineage of Elros (UT:209) mavar shepherd (LT1:268, GL:58) |
| mëoi | cat (LT2:348 Tevildo, QL)
note only case of final -oi in the singular. PPQ gives 3 forms invented by Terry Dock to substitute for mëoi: neutral miura, feminine miurë, masculine miuro, from miulë whining root MIW Vardo Mëoita Prince of Cats; mëoita seems to be a kind of adjective rather than a genitive (LT2:348) miulë whining, mewing [MIW] |
| morco | bear [MORÓK] |
| mundo | bull (Letters:422)
but mundo snout, nose, cape |
| Nahar | the name of Oromë's horse, adapted from Valarin (WJ:401) |
| narmo ñarmo | wolf [ÑGAR(A)M] |
| nauro ñauro | werewolf [ÑGAW]
naulë, ñaulë wolf-howl [ÑGAW] |
| noldarë | mole (GL:30)
syn. nolpa |
| nolpa | mole (GL:30)
syn. noldarë |
| nyarro | rat (NYAD)
note from nyadró, misread as nyano |
| nyéni | she-goat (LT1:262) |
| rá ráv- | lion [RAW]
note pl. rávi; was sg. rau; obsoletes rá arm, which is new ranco ravennë she-lion |
| ráca | wolf [DARÁK] |
| ravennë | she-lion (LT1:260)
rá lion |
| rocco | horse, swift horse for riding [ROK] (SA:roch, Letters:282, 382)
roquen horseman/woman (the Quenya word does not show gender), rider, knight (WJ:372, UT:282) |
| ronya | chaser, hound of chase [ROY 1] |
| rusco ruscu- | fox (PM:353, VT41:10)
note plural rusqui ruscuitë foxy (VT41:10) |
| taracu- | ox (LT2:347, GL:69) |
| tarucco tarunco | bull (LT2:347)
note later Quenya has mundo |
| yaxë | (milch) cow (GL:36) |
| RELATED WORDS | |
| celva | animal, living thing that moves (Silm)
laman animal, usually applied to four-footed beasts, never to reptiles and birds |
| laman lamn- laman- | animal, usually applied to four-footed beasts, never to reptiles and birds (WJ:416)
celva animal, living thing that moves |
| marilla | pearl (LT1:265) |
| miulë | whining, mewing [MIW] |
| núru- | to growl (of dogs), grumble (LT1:263) |
| nurru- | mumble, grumble (Markirya, MC:215) |
| quessë | feather; also name of tengwa 4 [KWES] (Appendix E, WJ:417) |
| ráma -rámë | wing [RAM] (Namárië, RGEO:66, LT2:335, Markirya)
Eärrámë Alquarámë rámavoitë having wings (LT2:335, Narqelion) |
| rassë | horn, especially on living animal, but also applied to mountains [RAS] (PM:69) |
| rauta- | to hunt (LT1:260)
compare with newer roita- to pursue |
| ráva | adj. wild, untamed [RAB]
but ráva bank, esp. of a river |
| rávë | roaring noise (Markirya)
rávëa adj. roaring |
| roita- | to pursue [ROY 1]
compare with older rauta- to hunt |
| tó | wool [TOW]
but toa noun wood (VT39:6) toa adj. of wool, woollen [TOW] in GL:71 toa was glossed wool, noun instead of adjective - but in Tolkien's later Quenya, the noun is tó) |
| uë | fleece (LT1:249) |
| yarra- | to growl, snarl (Markirya) |
| OTHER MONSTERS | |
| araucë | demon early Q. (LT1:250)
rauco |
| norsa norþa | noun giant [NOROTH] |
| onna | creature [ONO]
onta- beget, create, past tense ónë [ONO] |
| rauco | a powerful, hostile, and very terrible creature [RUK]
note used especially in the compound Valarauco Demon of Might (WJ:415, VT39:10, SA:raukor). In the Etymologies, stem RUK, the gloss is demon. In the compound Valaraucar Balrogs, the plural of rauco is surprisingly raucar instead of raucor. |
| Sancossi | the Goblins (LT2:341) |
| Sarquindi | Cannibal-ogres (LT2:347) |
| Úlairi | Nazgûl sg. Úlairë? Úlair?, etymology obscure |
| ulundo | monster, deformed and hideous creature [ÚLUG] |
| urco urcu- | an old word used in the lore of the Blessed Realm for anything that caused fear to the Elves during the March; by the Exiles recognized as the cognate of Sindarin orch and used to mean "Orc"
note the Sindarin-influenced form orco was also used. (WJ:390) |
| úvanimo | monster, creature of Melkor [UGU, UMU (GÚ)] [BAN] (LT1:272) |
| Valarauco | Demon of Might, Balrog Sindarin balrog (WJ:415, SA:val-, SA:rauco)
note pl. valaraucar instead of -or. Earlier forms: Valcaraucë, Malcaraucë, malarauco |
Alex Grigny de Castro
xelag@3dee.nl
April 2002